A Green card sponsorship involves a request for a foreigner to be issued a document allowing that person to work and live legally in the U.S. This request can only be made by an immediate family member, husband or wife and an employer all of whom must be lawful U.S. citizens. An employer must satisfy the authorities that you have special skills they require. A green card sponsorship can also be initiated by a wife or husband who holds a permanent residency status.
In the case of green card sponsorship through family ties the application has to be followed with proof of the relationship between the petitioner (the person making the request) and you, the one who wishes to be granted a permanent residence. There will also have to be proof of the petitioner's ability to financially take care of the person seeking to be granted a visa. This is to cover any expenses the applicant would incur before becoming financially independent in the event of the application.
A valid proof of family relationship over a long time is vital to the success of the application. This is particularly required in the case of a family based green card sponsorship. The authorities will have to be convinced through records of prior communication over a long period of time preferably, family albums and photos, letters, emails, and even phone records if available.
Green card sponsorship applications come with huge processing fees, often in excess of a $1000. A large number of people from every part of the world apply for permanent residence every year but only relatively few of them will be approved.
The other legal source of a green card sponsorship for any potential applicant is through an employer. This is done on the basis of the applicant's qualifications to take up a job position with the employer. Often the applicant seeking a green card sponsorship would already be working for the employer and in the U.S. but with another kind of temporary visa, so this process is more like a change of status. It is however very possible that the intending emigrant is outside the country.
It is also required that the sponsoring employer file a document with the U.S. department of labor that there are no qualified U.S. citizens available or willing to do the job the potential migrant would be taking up. This document must be backed up with proof of advertising for that position and the specific skills involved. The petitioner can only file for the green card sponsorship when that document is approved by the department of labor.
The employment based green card sponsorship is divided into different classes to accommodate different categories of immigrants. These classes are:
EB-1 workers which includes
• Workers with extraordinary ability in arts, sciences, business and education.
• Outstanding professors or researchers
• Managers and executives eligible for transfer to the United States.
EB-2 professionals with advanced degrees or people with exceptional ability
• People with exceptional ability in the sciences, arts or business
• Advanced degree professionals
• Qualified foreign physicians in an area which the U.S. is underserved.
EB-3 Skilled or professional workers
Eb-4 special immigrants include religious workers, translators for the U.S. army and employees and former employees of the U.S. government abroad.
EB-5 Investors includes individuals willing to invest a specified sum of money in Job creation opportunities on U.S. soil.
An EB-5 investor does not require an employer or family member to petition for a green card sponsorship.